1.0 INTRODUCTION
Measuring if liquid is a mathematical skill that is taught in our primary schools. Basically we use measuring in every day applications. Measuring of liquid has many practical applications in real life situations.
The volume of liquid is defined as the amount of space the liquid occupies. Liquid and gases are shapeless, so they occupy the space available in the containers they are filled. The capacity of the container is deferred as the maximum liquid volume that can be filled.
Misconception on capacity may arise among the students while teaching volume of liquid, especially when comparing capacity of two containers that can hold more. Students often make the comparison on the height rather than its capacity.
The video above shows how to measure the volume of liquid using a graduated cylinder. In this video, 3 different types of cylinders are shown. Typically, they can be classified as small, medium and large cylinders. The purpose of the graduated cylinder is to measure the volume of liquid in standard units. To begin with, the medium sized cylinder, which can contain up to 100 ml of liquid, is picked, and water is filled up to the desired level, and the level of water is read. The instructor reminds that before any measurement can be made, it is vital that the cylinder is placed on a flat surface for accurate reading. The instructor teaches, that the level of reading is based on the bottom line of the curve, at the top of the liquid, essentially water in this case. Pupils who watched this video would clearly understand how the standard measurement of liquid with a cylinder is done, and how to make a correct reading from the cylinder.
2.0 TEACHING AID: FOR TEACHING VOLUME OF LIQUID
2.1 Activity 1
Example of Worksheet
Activity 2
3.0 TEACHING AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES
3.1 Activity 1 :
Learning area:
· •Measuring and Comparing Volume of Liquids
Learning Objectives:
· •Measure and compare volumes of liquids by direct comparison and by using Uniform Non-Standard Units.
Learning Outcomes:
· •Compare the volume of two liquids by direct comparison.
Vocabulary:
Holds more than, holds less than, holds about the same, full, empty and half full.Materials:
· •Jugs
· •Cups
· •Glasses
· •Bottles
· • result record cards
· •Different sizes of plastic jugs
· •same sizes of plastic glasses
· • pails
Procedures:
Introduction:
1.Show the pupils, 2 different containers of water, namely a jug and a bottle, and ask them which one can hold more volume of water.
2. Fill up the jug and the bottle with water. Ask two pupils to pour water from the jug and bottle in to the cups. Ask pupils how many cups of water can pour from a bottle and jug into the cups. Write it out, as per the format below:
CONTAINERS | BOTTLES | JUG |
CUPS | 3 | 7 |
3. Ask pupils to measure and compare volume of liquids in two different containers.
Group activity:
4. Divide the students into 4 groups and get them work in their cooperative groups.
5. Appoint one of the students in the group to be the recorder.
6. Place three different sizes of jugs with full of water, three pails and three plastic glasses at three stations.
7. The groups move in a rotation to every station to measure volume of water in every jug by using the glass.
8. Have the students record their findings in the following result card.
Container | Volume |
Jug A | __________Glasses |
Jug B | __________Glasses |
Jug C | __________Glasses |
9. Ask the pupils to fill up the jugs again by pouring water from the pail before leaving every station.
10. Each group can spend about 5 minutes at every station.
11. Teacher checks result cards of all the groups and have the students discussed on the three containers (jugs), which have the smallest and largest capacity.
12. Teacher summarize the lesson on how to measure the volume of liquids using non-standard units and give worksheets based on the topic.
3.2 Activity 2:
Learning area:
· • Measuring and Comparing Volume of Liquids
Learning Objectives:
· • Measure and compare volumes of liquids using Non-Standard Unit.
Learning Outcomes:
· •Measure and compare volumes of liquids using standard unit.
Vocabulary:
· •Measures, volumes, standard unit, litter, milliliters
Materials:
· •A plastic jug,
· •a plastic bottle,
· •two plastic cups with same size,
· • pail and
· •Result record cards.
4.0 CONCLUSION
Measurement of volume liquid is an integral part of Year Two Mathematics subject. The knowledge and good understanding of the measuring and comparing of that may arise among students.
The video illustrated above shows how volume of liquid is measured, using standard units. In this assignment, there are 2 sets of activities and teaching aid given, to teach the standard and non-standard units in measuring the volume of liquid. The pupils are also introduced with the correct terms to compare and measure the volume of liquid, based on their comparison activities.
Each activity is divided into different sets to cater the high, as well low achiever pupils. It is important that, low achiever pupils are identified, and given special attention through their level of activities, so that they could meet their learning objectives, just like other pupils. Interactive activities, in classrooms are efficient in instilling the good understanding of the measurement of liquid volume, among the pupils. In addition, pupils work in groups, and carries out the measurement together tend to learn the mathematics concepts faster and clearer.
Both standard and non-standard units are used in measuring volume of liquid. The capacity of liquid in standard units are measured in milliliters(ml) and liters(l) in the metric system. While in non-standard units they are measured using various containers by stated the capacity whether more or less. Materials, which used for non-standard are easier to obtain.
5.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. V.Murugia & Kao Thuan Keat, May 2010. HBMT2103 Teaching Mathematics in Year Two , OUM, Meteor Doc.Sdn.Bhd
2. Student learn measurement conversation. LIQUID CAPACITY LESSON PLAN Retrieved on Nov 11.11.2010 from www.moneyinstructor.com/lesson/ liquidcapacity.asp.
3. Liquid Volume Lesson Plans Reviewed by Teachers. 1999-2010 Education Planet. All rights reserved. Retrieved on Oct 21.2010 from http://www.lessonplanet.com/
